Toolholder for lathes



Feb. 9, 1943. w. F. GROENE TOOL HOLDER FOR LATHES Filed Dec. 31, 1940 2sheets-sheet 1 I i W IMM I IYINVENTOR. V WILLIAM F. QROENE Feb. 9, 1943.

w. F. GROENE TOOL HOLDER FOR LATHES Filed Dec. 51, 1940 I P L 1 L H,/-ae 2 L J1 A s f i '5 11 INVENTOR.

7 WILLIAM F. GROEHE ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 9, 1943 .3

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 2,310,691 TOOLHOLDER FoR. LaTHEs WilliamF. Groene, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to The R. K. LeBlond Machine ToolCompany, Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware ApplicationDecember 31, 1940, Serial No. 372,624

6 Claims. (Cl. 82-9) This invention pertains to a tool holder for latheand is particularly adapted for use in conjunction with orbital lathesof the multiple spindle type, such, for example, as shown in Patent#2,138,964 of William F; Groene, dated December 6, 1938, in which aplurality of crankshafts are to have their crank pins simultaneouslyturned in a multiple spindle orbital lathe.

The object of this invention is to provide a series of movably mountedor floating tool holders on the orbitally moving tool carrier of such alathe. These tool holders are to carry cutting tools fixed thereon, andalso these tool holders are to have work engaging portions which contactthe work surface being machined soas to limit the relative floatingmovement of the tool holder with respect to the work carrier and workpiece.

Another object of this invention is to provide in a lathe having a toolfeeding carrier, a tool holder pivotally mounted on such a tool carrierand having a cutting tool fixed therein and a work engaging portionthereon adapted to engage the work being machined at a point 90 degreescircumferentially removed from the point of contact of the cutting edgeof said tool on said work piece, and in which arrangement the axis ofpivoting of the tool holder is locatedin a line passing through thepoint of contact of the work contacting member with the work surfacebeing machined and the cutting edge of the cutting tool operating uponthe work piece.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a floating toolholder mounted on a tool feeding carrier in which the direction offloating movement of the cutting edge of the cutting tool takes place ina direction substantiall at a 45 degree angular relationship to thedirection of feeding and the line passing through the axis of the pivot,the point of contact of the tool holder with the work, and the cuttingedge of the tool with the work surface.

Further features and advantages of this invention will appear from thedetailed description of the drawings in which:

Figure I is a fragmentary sectional view through a portion of theorbital tool carrier of a multiple spindle orbital lathe, showing therelative position of the tool holders and tools when in fully fed inposition in machining the crank pins of crankshafts in such a lathe.

Figure II is a vertical cross section through a conventional orbitallathe showing the application of the unique tool holders to an orbitallymoving tool carrier unit of such a lathe.-

The lathe has the usual tool feeding carrier 3 which may be actuated inorbital motion by the master crankshafts 20 and 2I, Figure II, in thisinstance, to follow the respective crank pins I and 2 of the crankshaftW, upon which is pivotally mounted the tool holders 4 on suitable pivotpins 5 fixed in the carrier 3. The master crankshafts 20 and 2| areinterconnected in synchronized rotation with the work spindles l9through the medium of the gearing 22. The various tool carriers 3 carrythe novel cutting toolholders 4 and are swung about the crank pins ofthe lower rear master crankshaft 2| by a suitable feed cam 23 whichoperates on a roller 24 of the cradle 25 carrying the upper mastercrankshaft 20 so as to effect the feeding motion of the tool holders 4and their tools along the general arcuate line of feeding motion I5.Suitable fluid pressure means such as the cylinder 26 may be employedtoactuate the rack 21 and, through the idler gear 28 and the gear teeth 29cut on the cam 23,to rotate the cam to efiect the necessary feeding andpresentation of the cutting tools to and from the work pieces W in aconventional m'annenas fully disclosed in said above mentioned Patent2,138,964. In these tool holders 4 are fixed the cutting tools 6 whichpresent a cutting edge 7 to the work surface Ia or 2a to be turned onthe work W. Also mounted'on the tool holder 4 is the work contactingroller 8 suitably journaled on a stud 9 fixed in the tool holder 4. Itis to be noted that the roller Bcontacts the work at a point I0, whichis substantiallydegrees circumferentially removed from the point ofcontact of the cutting edge I of the tool with the work surface.

Expressed in another way,- the point of contact Iil of the roller 8 withthe worklies in a plane defined by the line I I which passes through thecenter or axis I2 of the work W and the axis of rotation I3 of theroller 8 so that this line II lies substantially perpendicular to theplane defined by the line H! which passes through the axis of rotationof the work [2 and the cutting edge 1 of the tool 6. It is also to befurther noted that the line H lies substantially parallel to thedirection of feeding indicated by the arcuateline l5 as followed by thecutting edges of the tools 6 as effected by the tool carrier 3 as fullyexplained in the above mentioned patent.

The tool holders have pivotal floating motion or floating motion for thecutting edge of the tool 6 so that their cutting edges 1 move in thearcuate line IE or in an equivalent straight line which lies insubstantially a 45 degree angular relationship to that of the directionof feed l5 and the line ll passing through the axis of the roller 8 andthe axis of the work, so that the angles A and B are substantially 45degree ani Expressed another way, the floating mogles. tion takes placesubstantially in a plane passing perpendicular to the line ll' definedby the point of contact IQ of the roller with the work W, the cuttingedge l of the tool, and the axis of the pivot pin 5.

Thus in this arrangement we have provided a structure in which the pointof pivoting of the tool holder on the tool carrier, point of contact ofthe tool holder with the work surface to be machined, and the cuttingedge of the tool, all lie in the same plane and in which arrangement thefloating movement of the cutting edge of the tool takes place in adirection substantially at a 45 degree angular relationship to thedirection of feeding of the cutting edge of the tool to the worksurface. And it is to be further noted that the direction of floatingmovement is also substantially perpendicular to that of the planedefined by the axis of the pivot, the point of contact to the toolholder with the Work, and the cutting edge of the tool on the work.

Suitable resilient means comprising the spring urged plunger I8 carriedin the tool carrier 3, may be utilized to maintain initial contact ofthe roller 8 of the tool holder 4 with the work to effect the necessarycutting action of the cutting tool 6.

Having thus fully set forth and described my invention what I claim asnew and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a lathe; a tool carrier; a tool holder floatingly mounted on saidcarrier; a cutting tool fixed in said holder; having its cutting edgearranged to be fed radially of the axis of rotation of a work piece insaid lathe; a work contacting portion on said tool holder engaging saidwork pieec at a point substantially 90 degrees circumferentially removedfrom the point of contact of the cutting edge of said cutting tool withsaid work piece; and floating mounting means for said tool holder,located so that the point of contact of said tool holder with the worksurface and the cutting edge of said cutting tool lie in a planeparallel to the axis of rotation of the work piece and substantiallyperpendicular to the direction of floating movement of the cutting edgeof said tool relative to said work piece.

2. In a lathe; a tool feeding carrier; a tool holder pivotally mountedon said carrier; a cutting tool fixed in said tool holder; a workengaging portion on said tool holder adapted to engage the surface ofthe work piece being machined by said cutting edge at a point 90 degreescircumferentially removed from the point of engagement of the cuttingedge of said tool with said work piece; pivotal floating mounting meansfor said tool holder so positioned that the axis of said pivot, thepoint of contact of said tool holder with the work, and the cutting edgeof said tool lie in a common plane parallel to the axis of rotation ofsaid work piece in said lathe; and means for feeding the cutting edge ofsaid tool radially of the axis of rotation of said work piece bymovement of said tool carrier.

3. In a lathe; a tool feeding carrier; a tool holder floatingly mountedon said carrier; a cutting tool fixed in said tool holder; a workengaging portion on said tool holder adapted to engage the surface ofthe work piece being machined by said cutting edge at a point degreescircumferentially removed from the point of engagement of the cuttingedge of said tool with said work piece; and floating mounting means forsaid tool holder, so positioned that floating movement of said toolholder relative to the work piece takes place in a directionperpendicular to a plane parallel to the axis of ro tation of the workand passing through the point of contact of the tool holder with thework and the cutting edge of the cutting tool on said tool holder.

4. In a lathe; a tool feeding carrier; a tool holder floatingly mountedon said carrier; a cutting tool fixed in said tool holder; a workengaging portion on said tool holder adapted to engage the surface ofthe work piece being machined by said cutting edge at a point 90 degreescircumferentially removed from the point of engagement of the cuttingedge of said tool with said work piece; floating mounting means for saidtool holder, so positioned that floating movement of said tool holderrelative to the work piece takes place in a direction perpendicular to aplane parallel to the axis of rotation of the work and passing throughthe point of contact of the tool holder with the work and the cuttingedge of the cutting tool on said tool holder; and means for feeding thecutting edge of said tool radially of the axis of rotation of said workpiece by movement of said tool carrier.

5. In a lathe; a tool feeding carrier; a tool holder floatingly mountedon said carrier for floating movement relative to a work piece in saidlathe; a work contacting portion on said tool holder; resilient meansfor holding said work contacting portion in engagement with the worksurface being machined; a cutting tool fixed on said tool holder havinga cutting edge engaging said work piece at a point 90 degreescircumferentially removed from the point of contact of said tool holderwith said work surface to be turned; and pivotal floating mounting meansfor said tool holder so positioned that the axis of said pivot, thepoint of contact of said tool holder with said work surface, and thecutting edge of said tool lie in a single plane parallel to the axis orrotation of said work piece in said lathe, with the pivotal floatingmotion of the cutting edge of said tool taking place in a planesubstantially perpendicular to the first mentioned plane.

6-. In a lathe; a tool feeding carrier; 2. tool holder pivotally mountedon said carrier for floating movement relative to a work piece in saidlathe; a work contacting portion on said tool holder; resilient meansfor holding said work contacting portion in engagement with the worksurface being machined; a cutting tool fixed on said tool holder havinga cutting edge engaging said Work piece'at a point 90 degreescircumferentially removed from point of contact of said tool holder withsaid work surface to be turned; pivotal floating mounting means for saidtool holder so positioned that the axis of said pivot, the point ofcontact of said tool holder with said work surface, and the cutting edgeof said cutting tool lie in a single plane parallel to the axis ofrotation of said work piece 10 in said lathe, so that the pivotal motionof the cutting edge of said tool takes place in a plane substantiallyperpendicular to said first mentioned plane; and means for feeding saidcutting edge of said tool in direction substantially in a 45 degreeangular relationship to the plane defined by the axis of said pivot andthe point of contact of said cutting edge of said tool with the Work.

WJLLIAM F. GROENE.

